Children and young people with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) can face increased risks of exploitation, abuse, coercion and radicalisation. Some may also be more vulnerable to engaging in harmful sexual behaviours if they have gaps in understanding around relationships, boundaries and consent.
Effective relationships, sex and health education (RSHE) for learners with SEND should:
- Be direct and clearly explained rather than relying on assumptions or implied messages
- Use practical, structured teaching approaches, including visuals, examples and clear guidance
- Be appropriate to a pupil's developmental stage while maintaining high expectations
- Address topics such as consent, power, relationships and gender attitudes in an explicit and accessible way
Some children and young people may:
- Repeat harmful language or views they have encountered online without fully understanding their meaning or impact
- Experience difficulties interpreting social expectations, consent or power dynamics within relationships
- Be more susceptible to manipulation, coercion or other negative influences
A supportive, consistent and educational approach can help children and young people develop the knowledge, skills and confidence needed to build safe, healthy and respectful relationships.
Supporting Pupils Effectively
Practitioners can help by:
- Using straightforward and unambiguous language
- Consistently reinforcing expectations around behaviour, respect and relationships
- Providing clear teaching about consent, personal boundaries and respectful interactions
- Working collaboratively with families, carers and other professionals involved in the child's support
- Focusing on building understanding and learning while also responding appropriately to harmful attitudes or behaviours